1854P - Assessing mortality rates within 30 days following the last dose of immunotherapy: A multi-center retrospective study

Background

The 30-day mortality rate following the last dose of anticancer therapy serves as a critical indicator for assessing potential risks and economic impacts of treatments. This study evaluates the mortality rate within 30 days after the final dose of immunotherapy and aims to identify patient characteristics that could enhance care quality.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 458 patients who received immunotherapy across four tertiary referral hospitals. Collected data included diagnoses, treatment intention (curative or palliative), last treatment date, and patient characteristics. Thirty-day mortality was defined as deaths occurring within 30 days post-last treatment dose.

Results

The study encompassed 458 patients, primarily diagnosed with lung cancer (n=300, 65.6%). Within this cohort, n=71 (15.5%) died within 30 days following the last treatment dose. The median duration from the last treatment to death was 3.4 months (range: 1.62-3.17 months). Patients with poor ECOG performance status exhibited significantly higher 30-day mortality (p<0.001, HR 3.51, 95% CI 2.19-5.61). No significant associations were observed between 30-day mortality and factors such as smoking status, diagnosis, treatment intention, immunotherapy agent, age, gender, or comorbidities. Consistently, among lung cancer patients, no significant association was found between 30-day mortality and smoking status.

Conclusions

The 30-day mortality rate after the last dose of immunotherapy is notably higher than reported in chemotherapy studies, possibly due to the advanced stages of disease and treatment settings typical in our region. This finding underscores the necessity for larger-scale national studies aimed at identifying factors linked to early mortality following immunotherapy.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

The authors.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.