2089P - Multi-cycle prophylaxis of long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in cancer patients at risk of febrile neutropenia due to myelosuppressive chemotherapy: A retrospective real-world study in China

Background

Febrile neutropenia (FN) resulting from myelosuppressive chemotherapy drugs, have the potential to necessitate dose reduction or treatment delays, thus compromising the overall efficacy of treatment. This study aims to analyze the incidence of FN and related adverse drug reactions in cancer patients who receive prophylaxis with PEG-rhG-CSF (a long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor).

Methods

This real-world study was conducted as a multicenter, retrospective, observational research involving adult cancer patients who received chemotherapy with PEG-rhG-CSF prophylactic. The study focused on several variables, including baseline characteristics and incidence of FN. Descriptive analysis was performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 27.

Results

24,199 patients were enrolled from 575 hospitals across China between June 2022 and January 2023. The chemotherapy cycle records encompassed 1to 20 cycle. Among the enrolled patients, breast cancer was the most prevalent tumor type, accounting for 33.6% (N=8,131) of the cases. FN incidence across all cycles was 0.054% and it was 0.055% and 0.053% among patients receiving PEG-rhG-CSF as primary and secondary prophylaxis. These rates were significantly lower than the previously reported data of 13% to 21% from a retrospective cohort study involving patients with or without prophylaxis. Overall, FN occurred across the first to eighth cycles with the highest incidence observed in cycle 1 (52.50%). 1,659 records (2.25%) reported adverse events related to PEG-rhG-CSF. The most commonly observed adverse effect was musculoskeletal pain, accounting for 1.53% of the cases, followed by fatigue(0.60%) and allergic reactions(0.07%). Furthermore, 90.78% of adverse reactions were categorized as primary or secondary adverse reactions.

Conclusions

Under PEG-rhG-CSF prophylaxis, cancer patients exhibited a low incidence of FN which primarily occurred in the initial cycle of chemotherapy. Importantly, the administration of PEG-rhG-CSF was well tolerated.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

The author.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

The author has declared no conflicts of interest.