Abstract CN47
Background
Several research articles have proven that gender is one of the crucial factors associated to cancer incidence and mortality. The accumulated evidence reveals differences between men and women in terms of epidemiology, gene expressions, treatment responses, side effects and even in survival rates of some types of cancer.
Methods
A literature search of English-language systematic reviews was conducted, which included an analysis of gender differences regarding several features of the oncological process, from molecular or genetic aspects to survival data. This study was carried out using PubMed and Scopus and the following keywords: gender bias, gender differences, gender roles, sex differences and cancer or neoplasm. 24 studies were selected for the analysis.
Results
24 articles were found, all of them systematic reviews analysing patients’ gender as a variable. From all the articles, 9 considered sex hormones as the main factor influencing differences in cancer. Only 1 article took into account lifestyles and socio-cultural level. Articles evidenced gender bias in clinical trials, as fewer women than men were included. All articles highlighted the need to approach cancer from a gender perspective.
Conclusions
Overall, despite the importance and relevance of the fact that patients’ responses throughout the oncological process are different in men than in women, this is ignored in clinical practice. Therefore, further in-depth studies are needed in order to transfer research evidence to clinical practice. Besides, consensus is required so as to apply gender perspective in cancer treatment and care.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The author.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.