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Cocktail and Poster Display session

37P - Efficacy and safety of PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta regression analysis

Date

26 Feb 2024

Session

Cocktail and Poster Display session

Topics

Immunotherapy

Tumour Site

Oesophageal Cancer

Presenters

Ameer Al Wssawi

Citation

Annals of Oncology (2024) 9 (suppl_1): 1-7. 10.1016/esmoop/esmoop102270

Authors

A.F.A. Al Wssawi1, A. Gumera2, A. Saad3, A.I.F. Ibrahim4

Author affiliations

  • 1 Oncology , Medicine, Al-Qadiysiah University - College of Medicine, 58002 - Al Diwaniyah/IQ
  • 2 Surgery, The University of Melbourne, 3010 - Parkville/AU
  • 3 Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, 0964 - Baghdad/IQ
  • 4 Medicine, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, 21131 - Alexandria/EG

Resources

This content is available to ESMO members and event participants.

Abstract 37P

Background

Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) contributes to the global burden of disease. Conventional treatments such as surgical resection and chemotherapy offer limited long-term survival rates. Recently, immunotherapies targeting PD-1 have shown promise in other cancers, but their efficacy in ESCC remains unclear.

Methods

The 31 studies eligible for this study included a total of 10,681 patients who were subjected to immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with traditional chemotherapy. A comprehensive search was conducted on September 1, 2023, across databases including CENTRAL, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. Eligible studies were English-conducted randomized control trials and observational cohort studies matching our inclusion criteria. Exclusions included single-arm studies, those irrelevant to our objectives, comparisons other than chemotherapy, abstracts, and animal studies.

Results

For OSR, results indicate a significantly improved survival at different time points (6, 12, and 24 months), with an odds ratio of 0.636 (95% CI 0.595-0.680; Z = -13.292; p < 0.00001). In terms of PFS, PD-1 inhibitors demonstrated improvements at different time points; pooled odds ratio was 0.568 (95% CI 0.511-0.633; Z = -10.357; p < 0.00001). Regarding ORR, the pooled analysis showed an overall odds ratio of 1.724 (95% CI 1.554-1.913; Z = 10.289; p < 0.00001), indicating improved treatment response. DCR did not suggest a significant advantage for PD-1 inhibitors over chemotherapy, with an odds ratio of 0.904 (95% CI 0.784-1.043; Z = -1.381; p = 0.167). The overall adverse effects and safety profile were more favorable with PD-1 inhibitors; overall odds ratio of 0.821 (95% CI 0.734-0.918; Z = -3.454; p = 0.001).

Conclusions

There is compelling evidence reinforcing the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitors, as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, for the treatment of ESCC. PD-1 inhibitors demonstrate a significant advantage in terms of OSR, PFS, and ORR. DCR did not display improvement with PD-1 inhibitors compared to chemotherapy. The overall Adverse Effects and Safety Profile were more favorable for PD-1 inhibitors.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

The authors.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

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