Abstract 256P
Background
PI3K mutations contribute to endocrine resistance. PIK3CA mutation may be present de novo at the time of diagnosis or may be acquired later. The present study evaluated the incidence and distribution of de novo PIK3CA mutations in hormone receptor-positive / HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and its impact on clinical outcomes of patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Methods
This was a retrospective study. All patients with MBC on endocrine therapy with CDK4/6 inhibitors whose initial tissue FFPE blocks were available were enrolled in this study. The genomic DNA was extracted and analysed using Therascreen® PIK3CA RGQ PCR Kit.
Results
36 patients were included in this study. The median age was 59 years (range 34-81). 21 (58.6%) patients were on palbociclib and 15 (41.4%) on ribociclib along with endocrine therapy. Of the 36 patients 17 (47.2%) were PIK3CA mutant (12 patients- exon 20 (70.5%); 5 had exon 9 (29.4%) mutation). The common amino acid substitutions in exon 9 were at codon 542 and 545 and exon 20 at 1047R. One patient had a double mutation on both exons 9 and 20. This patient had progression within 6 months of initiation of therapy. At 12 months, the overall response rate (ORR) in the non-mutant group was 26% (2 CR and 3 PR). 3 patients had stable disease and 11 patients (57.89%) had progressive disease (PD), of which 3 patients died in less than 1 year. Among the 17 patients with PIK3CA mutation, there were no complete or partial responders; only 1 patient had stable disease. The remaining 16 (94.1%) patients had PD, of which 5 patients succumbed to the disease in less than 12 months. PIK3CA mutation was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) compared to PIK3CA wild type (18 versus 32.2 months, p-value 0.004) and shorter overall survival (OS) (41.7 versus 45 months, p value=0.772). The mean PFS was better in those with exon 9 mutation (22.2 months) than exon 20 ( 11.2months, p-value 0.4).
Conclusions
The incidence and type of PIK3CA mutation is similar to the data reported previously. The presence of de novo PI3K mutation confers a worse clinical outcome in HR-positive / HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer patients despite use of CDK4/6 inhibitors. The presence of de novo PIK3CA mutation should be assessed upfront.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The authors.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.