Abstract CN63
Background
Malnutrition and other nutrition-related problems are very common in people with cancer and are frequently found at first medical oncology visit. People with cancer are still among the most malnourished of all patient groups. Early detection and treatment of malnutrition are of critical importance. Multidisciplinary interventions, based on collaborations between oncologist, nurses and dietitians, is key for success. Since cancer nurses are in frequent contact with patients, they are ideally placed to assess the risk and detect early signs of malnutrition and to refer, treat and regularly monitor nutrition-related issues. Thus, cancer nurses require solid knowledge base and knowledge of existing guidelines. The purpose of this review was therefore to describe the significance of nutrition in cancer care and summarise the evidence to support cancer nursing practice.
Methods
For this review of reviews, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute and Cochrane databases. The ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients guided the analysis.
Results
The search produced 15 papers (6 systematic reviews, 3 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, 1 meta-analysis and 5 evidence summaries). Results show that malnutrition negatively influences outcomes, including mortality, length of stay and quality of life. Early detection of malnutrition, regular assessment and medical nutrition care as well as patient education and support, need to be based on individual needs and include individual preferences as well as psycho-social, familial, economic and environmental factors.
Conclusions
Nutrition-related problems is a multi-professional challenge and role of cancer nurses is essential. However, most of the published research does not adequately address the role of nurses. Therefore, multidisciplinary research bridging nursing and other sciences is needed to provide more practical tools targeted for nurses specialised in oncology.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The authors.
Funding
Medical Nutrition International Industry Association (MNI). However, the review has been conducted independently by the authors. MNI was not involved in the review.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.