Abstract 3836
Background
Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common adverse effects during anti-PD-1 therapy, and alongside elevated anti-thyroid antibodies (ATAb) it is correlated with overall (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). The objective and novelty of our study was the simultaneous investigation of thyroid dysfunction and ATAbs on survival.
Methods
We included 168 patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (n = 93), renal cell carcinoma (n = 12), and advanced and metastatic melanoma (n = 63) treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab. TSH and fT4 serum levels were measured prior to each anti-PD-1 infusion and ATAb titers in sera, i.e. anti-TPO and anti-Tg (cut-off: 3.05 IU/ml and 22.35 IU/ml, respectively; based on median value at baseline), at baseline, and after 2 months of treatment. Thyroid dysfunction was based on TSH and fT4 and classified as subclinical or overt. Tumor progression was classified according to RECIST v1.1 and was monitored until progression, death or withdrawal of the study. Cox regression was used with correction for tumor type.
Results
Patients who acquired overt thyroid toxicity during anti-PD-1 treatment had significantly higher OS (HR = 0.17 [95% CI: 0.04-0.74]; p = 0.018) and PFS (HR = 0.38 [0.15-0.98]; p = 0.05) than patients without thyroid toxicity with one-year OS rates of 95% vs 64% and one-year PFS rates of 65% vs 33%. Moreover, patients with positive ATAb status during treatment had higher OS (HR = 0.39 [0.21-0.72]; p = 0.003) and PFS (HR = 0.52 [0.33-0.81]; p = 0.004) than patients with negative ATAb status with one-year OS rates of 83% vs 49% and PFS rates of 54% vs 20%, respectively. For 84% of patients the ATAb status at baseline was the same as during treatment. Patients with persistent positive ATAb status (48%) had higher OS (HR = 0.41 [0.19-0.89], p = 0.03) and PFS (HR = 0.54 [0.31-0.95], p = 0.03) compared to patients with persistent negative ATAb status (36%).
Conclusions
Acquired overt thyroid toxicity and positive ATAb status during anti-PD-1 treatment are associated with improved PFS and OS. Moreover, our results indicate that ATAb status at baseline is of clinical relevance for PFS and OS. If validated, these parameters may serve as a novel positive predictive markers.
Clinical trial identification
Dutch trial register: MULTOMAB, NL6828.
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
Erasmus Medical Center.
Funding
Erasmus Medical Center.
Disclosure
A.A.M. Van der Veldt: Advisory / Consultancy: Bristol-Myers Squibb; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck Sharp & Dohme. R.H. Mathijssen: Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Astellas; Research grant / Funding (institution): Bayer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Boekringer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Cristal Therapeutics; Honoraria (self), Research grant / Funding (institution): Novartis; Research grant / Funding (institution): Pamgene; Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pfizer; Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Honoraria (self): Servier. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
2115 - Preclinical in vivo screening to predict responder patients depend on EGFR status
Presenter: Yejin Kim
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3349 - Interplay between miR-17-5p and MALAT-1 Shapes The Cytokine Storm in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Tumor Microenvironment
Presenter: Raghda Soliman
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4014 - Clinical verification on the relationship between lipid metabolism and the immune microenvironment of breast cancer
Presenter: Wataru Goto
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4158 - The clinical and transcriptional signatures of human CD204 reveal an applicable marker for tumor associated macrophage in breast cancer
Presenter: Yunjie He
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5392 - Activated effector T cells co-expressing multiple inhibitory receptors (IRs) are enriched in the tumor immune microenvironment in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC)
Presenter: Alice Bergamini
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2617 - Oncolytic reovirus as a new anti-tumor strategy in castration resistant prostate cancer
Presenter: Yunlim Kim
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2995 - Dysregulation of helper T lymphocytes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is highly associated with aberrant production of miR-21
Presenter: Ali Memarian
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3597 - Myeloid derived suppressor cells but not regulatory T cells are associated with adaptive immunity and clinical outcomes in anal squamous cell carcinoma
Presenter: Christophe Borg
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3430 - Evaluation of immune responses among responders (R) and non-responders (non-R) in a humanized mouse model with colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts treated with combination immunotherapy
Presenter: Juan Marín Jiménez
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1995 - ¬¬Advanced melanoma patients with high CD16+ macrophages have better response and survival to anti-PD-1 based immunotherapy
Presenter: Hansol Lee
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract