Abstract 2534
Background
Radiomic signatures offer the potential to enhance clinical decision-making as on-treatment markers of efficacy to assess which patients (pts) should continue treatment. Using treatment-related radiomic signatures via quantitative, artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis of computed tomography (CT) images, we evaluated early tumor changes in pts with sqNSCLC treated in 2 treatment groups: nivolumab (group A) or docetaxel (group B).
Methods
Data from pts with sqNSCLC were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively across 2 multicenter clinical trials (A, n = 92 CheckMate 017 [NCT01642004], CheckMate 063 [NCT01721759]; B, n = 50 CheckMate 017). For the current study, pts with a measurable lung lesion and baseline and on-treatment assessments (8 weeks) were randomized to training (T) or validation (V) datasets (A: 72T, 20V; B: 32T, 18V;). For each pt, the largest measurable lung tumor was segmented to extract 1,749 radiomic features. Pts were classified as treatment-sensitive or -resistant using median progression-free survival (PFS) calculated from pts included in this study (A, B). Using AI-based methodologies, up to 4 features were selected and combined to develop a signature score (range, 0-1) in the T datasets and applied to each pt in the V datasets to classify sensitivity to treatment.
Results
The radiomics features associated with treatment sensitivity in the T datasets were a decrease in tumor volume (A, B), infiltration of tumor boundaries (A), or tumor spatial heterogeneity (A). The radiomic signatures predicted treatment sensitivity in the V dataset of each study group (AUC [95% CI]: A, 0.77 [0.55-1.00]; B, 0.67 [0.37-0.96]).
Conclusions
AI-based CT imaging detected early changes in radiomic features from baseline to first on-treatment tumor assessment—decrease in tumor volume, tumor heterogeneity, and tumor infiltrativeness along boundaries—that were associated with sensitivity to treatment in pts with sqNSCLC, offering an approach that could guide clinical decision-making to continue or modify systemic therapies.
Clinical trial identification
CheckMate 017 [NCT01642004] July 17, 2012 (first posted date) CheckMate 063 [NCT01721759] November 6, 2012 (first posted date).
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
Bristol-Myers Squibb and Columbia University Medical Center.
Funding
Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Disclosure
M. Fronheiser: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Bristol-Myers Squibb. S. Du: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Bristol-Myers Squibb. W. Hayes: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Bristol-Myers Squibb. D.K. Leung: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Bristol-Myers Squibb. A. Roy: Shareholder / Stockholder / Stock options, Full / Part-time employment: Bristol-Myers Squibb. L.H. Schwartz: Research grant / Funding (self), Member DSMB: Merck; Research grant / Funding (self), Member DSMB: Novartis; Research grant / Funding (self), Consultant endpoint analysis: Boehringer Ingelheim. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
2115 - Preclinical in vivo screening to predict responder patients depend on EGFR status
Presenter: Yejin Kim
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3349 - Interplay between miR-17-5p and MALAT-1 Shapes The Cytokine Storm in Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Tumor Microenvironment
Presenter: Raghda Soliman
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4014 - Clinical verification on the relationship between lipid metabolism and the immune microenvironment of breast cancer
Presenter: Wataru Goto
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4158 - The clinical and transcriptional signatures of human CD204 reveal an applicable marker for tumor associated macrophage in breast cancer
Presenter: Yunjie He
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5392 - Activated effector T cells co-expressing multiple inhibitory receptors (IRs) are enriched in the tumor immune microenvironment in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC)
Presenter: Alice Bergamini
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2617 - Oncolytic reovirus as a new anti-tumor strategy in castration resistant prostate cancer
Presenter: Yunlim Kim
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2995 - Dysregulation of helper T lymphocytes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients is highly associated with aberrant production of miR-21
Presenter: Ali Memarian
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3597 - Myeloid derived suppressor cells but not regulatory T cells are associated with adaptive immunity and clinical outcomes in anal squamous cell carcinoma
Presenter: Christophe Borg
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3430 - Evaluation of immune responses among responders (R) and non-responders (non-R) in a humanized mouse model with colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts treated with combination immunotherapy
Presenter: Juan Marín Jiménez
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1995 - ¬¬Advanced melanoma patients with high CD16+ macrophages have better response and survival to anti-PD-1 based immunotherapy
Presenter: Hansol Lee
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract