Abstract 3554
Background
ECOG 2-3 patients are poorly represented in prospective studies (only 7% in Sorbye et al, Ann Oncol 2007) and efficacy outcomes are poor. Natural course of mCRC and metastasectomies were the primary endpoints of this prospective Finnish nationwide study initiated in 2011.
Methods
1086 mCRCs referred for oncological treatments at all 21 oncology units (40% of eligible mCRCs in Finland) were included. Prognostic and predictive factors, resectability, treatment history and outcome measures were assessed.
Results
Baseline ECOG was 0 in 295 (27%), 1 in 600 (55%) and 2-3 in 191 (18%). Strongest baseline patient characteristics in multivariable logistic regression models (n = 851) for ECOG 2-3 status were: age >70 (odds ratio 3.00), BMI <20 (2.26), >3 comorbidities (2.61), >3 regular drugs (1.67), >2 symptoms at mCRC diagnosis (3.05), abnormal physical exam (2.22), bone metastases (3.37), BRAF mutation (2.44), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio >3.00 (2.75), alkaline phosphatase ALP >300 (3.08), leukocytes >10 (1.88), haemoglobin <11 (1.70) and in univariable analysis also, daily drinking (2.55), smoking (1.98), primary in-situ (2.38), >3 metastatic sites (1.92), synchronous mets (1.77); suprarenal (2.87), liver (1.53) and lymph node metastases (1.44); neutrophils >6.7 (4.54), platelets >400 (1.73), CRP >10 (3.37), albumin <30 (4.70), CEA >5 (2.51) and Ca19-9 >25 (1.61). Sex, second cancers, sidedness, RAS status or MSI-H were not associated with ECOG 2-3 status. In ECOG 0 / 1 / 2-3 median overall survival (OS) was 46.0 / 29.1 / 13.2 months and progression free survival (PFS) 18.6 / 12.5 / 7.0 months, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models for OS and PFS suggested that baseline ECOG 2-3, bone metastases, BRAF mutation, >3 metastatic sites, elevated ALP or leukocytes were the strongest predictors of poor OS and PFS.
Conclusions
Poor performance status is characterized by comorbidities, drinking and smoking; cancer-related symptoms, tumour burden, laboratory alterations and inflammatory activity. ECOG 2-3 is one of the strongest prognostic factors, and OS is shortened by > 12 months per ECOG class and PFS by 6 months.
Clinical trial identification
NCT01531621.
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The authors of the RAXO-study group.
Funding
Finska Läkaresällskapet, The Finnish Cancer Foundation, the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility Area of Tampere and Helsinki University Hospitals, Amgen - unrestricted grant, Eli Lilly, Merck, Roche, Sanofi and Servier - unrestricted grant.
Disclosure
P.J. Österlund: Honoraria (self), Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Amgen; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy: Bayer; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Celgene; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Nordic Drugs; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): Baxalta/Servier; Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Eisai; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AbbVie; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AstraZeneca; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pierre Fabre. T. Salminen: Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Celgene; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier; Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Novartis. A. Algars: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Servier; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Sanofi; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Varian; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Lilly. L. Soveri: Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy: Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Servier; Advisory / Consultancy: Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck; Advisory / Consultancy: MSD; Advisory / Consultancy: Sanofi. R. Ristamäki: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Amgen; Honoraria (self): Astellas; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Honoraria (self): Novartis; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Ipsen; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. R.S. Kallio: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy: Bayer; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Servier. A. Lamminmäki: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution), Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Kyowa Kirin; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Astellas; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pfizer; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Ipsen; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS. T. Poussa: Honoraria (institution): Boehringer Ingelheim. E. Lantto: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. A. Ovissi: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. A. Nordin: Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Honoraria (institution): Merck; Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. P. Nyandoto: Advisory / Consultancy: MSD; Advisory / Consultancy: Merck; Advisory / Consultancy: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy: Servier; Advisory / Consultancy: Lilly. J.T. Kononen: Advisory / Consultancy: Amgen; Research grant / Funding (self): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy: Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy: Servier; Honoraria (self): Celgene; Advisory / Consultancy: BMS. L.J. Aroviita: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. A. Jekunen: Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Bayer; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: MSD; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Pfizer; Advisory / Consultancy: Ibsen; Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: AstraZeneca; Advisory / Consultancy: Takeda. M. Murashev: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. R. Lindvall-Andersson: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. H. Isoniemi: Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Amgen; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Merck; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Sanofi; Advisory / Consultancy, Research grant / Funding (institution): Servier. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
4331 - STING Agonist, ADU-S100, Yields Potent Antitumor Activity and Therapeutically Favorable Immune Profile in an Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Model
Presenter: Ali Zaidi
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
1770 - Increased assessment of HER2 in metastatic gastroesophageal cancer patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Presenter: Willemieke Dijksterhuis
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
3755 - A new docetaxel (DOC)-based triplet regimen does not improve the outcome of metastatic (M) or locally advanced (LA) gastric cancer (GC) as compared with an epirubicin (EPI) standard triplet regimen: a GISCAD trial.
Presenter: Roberto Labianca
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
2439 - The analysis of T cell subsets and clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades in patients with advanced gastric cancer using multiplex immunohistochemistry
Presenter: Tae-yong Kim
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
2211 - First-line pembrolizumab (P), trastuzumab (T), capecitabine (C) and oxaliplatin (O) in HER2-positive metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.
Presenter: Yelena Janjigian
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
3046 - Monitoring patient-specific mutation in ctDNA and CTC for tumor response evaluation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer (NCT03425058)
Presenter: Tao Fu
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
4628 - Gastric cancer screening in BRCA 2 gene mutation carriers: should it be recommended?
Presenter: Inês Oliveira
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
2127 - Interim analysis of an observational/translational study for nivolumab treatment in advanced gastric cancer: JACCRO GC-08 (DELIVER trial)
Presenter: Yu Sunakawa
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
2264 - Prediction of S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in Stage II/III gastric cancer treatment based on comprehensive gene expression analysis
Presenter: Masanori Terashima
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract
2444 - Assessing the clinical utility of circulating tumour DNA through longitudinal liquid biopsy sampling in Oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Presenter: Emma Ococks
Session: Poster Display session 2
Resources:
Abstract