Abstract 579P
Background
Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and febrile neutropenia (FN) are frequent, causing severe chemotherapy complications. Early detection and effective prevention strategies are crucial for enhancing anti-tumor treatment efficacy. This study analyzes grade 3 and 4 neutropenia rates and adverse reactions in cancer patients receiving PEG-rhG-CSF prophylaxis during chemotherapy, providing clinical evidence on its efficacy in preventing neutropenia and FN.
Methods
This multicenter, retrospective, observational study analyzed 17,233 cancer patients receiving PEG-rhG-CSF post adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) reduction and FN incidence were evaluated using blood test reports. Variables were presented as percentages or means with standard deviations (SD), and Stata/MP 17.0 performed statistical analysis.
Results
This study included 17,233 cancer patients from 540 hospitals across China (June 2022-January 2023), comprising various cancers (lung, gynecological, colon, breast, esophageal, head and neck, etc.), totaling 26,273 chemotherapy cycles. Among these, 66.1% were identified as high risk for FN, and 33.9% as moderate risk. Prophylaxis included 60.7% receiving PEG-rhG-CSF as primary and 39.3% as secondary, predominantly with a 6mg dose (80.0%). Incidences of grade 3 and 4 ANC reduction were 1.9% and 0.2%, respectively, with significant differences based on risk level, prophylaxis timing, and dosage (p<0.05). Adverse events possibly related to PEG-rhG-CSF occurred in 4.74% of cases, primarily musculoskeletal pain (2.90%), fatigue (1.43%), and allergic reactions (0.31%). 89.97% of adverse reactions were primary or secondary, indicating good patient tolerance to PEG-rhG-CSF.
Conclusions
Primary prophylactic treatment with PEG-rhG-CSF could reduce the incidence of neutropenia in moderate risk for FN patients with cancer during multiple cycles of chemotherapy, with acceptable safety and tolerability.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The authors.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.