Abstract 213P
Background
Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may improve recurrence-free survival (RFS). This study aims to compare the effects of different treatment duration of ICIs on RFS and overall survival (OS).
Methods
Between January 1, 2019 and January 1, 2024, the RFS and OS of HCC patients from three centers who received adjuvant ICIs therapy were compared with those who received active surveillance after curative resection. Further analysis was performed according to the different treatment duration of ICIs.
Results
Of the 1271 patients in the final analysis, 1032 (81.2%) received active surveillance, 239 (18.8%) received adjuvant ICIs therapy. The median RFS in the adjuvant therapy cohort was 22.6 months (95% CI: 18.3-26.9), significantly longer than that of 19.1 months (95% CI: 16.4-21.4) in the active surveillance cohort (HR 0.79, 95%CI 0.66-0.95, p=0.019). The median OS was not reached for either group, but the adjuvant therapy cohort exhibited a substantial advantage (HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.54-0.94; p=0.010). Similar results were obtained after propensity score matching. Patients who received more than 6 months duration of adjuvant ICI therapy had slightly higher RFS (HR 0.66, 95%CI 0.42-1.04; p=0.071) or OS (HR 0.59, 95%CI 0.30-1.17; p=0.128) than those who received up to 6 months.
Conclusions
Adjuvant ICIs therapy significantly improve the prognoses of patients with HCC at high risk of recurrence after curative resection. A duration of six months of adjuvant ICIs treatment might be sufficient.
Clinical trial identification
NCT05221398.
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
The Ethics Committee of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital.
Funding
This work was supported by the Specific Research Project of Guangxi for Research Bases and Talents (GuiKe AD22035057), Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan Project (GuiKe AB24010082), First-class Discipline Innovation-Driven Talent Program of Guangxi Medical University.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.