387P - A comprehensive analysis of the oral health status, tobacco use, and cancer prevalence among the tribal communities in India

Background

The prevalence of tobacco use has significant implications for the global economy, since it is the leading cause of death and disease worldwide. Currently, tobacco-related factors contribute to an estimated 8 million deaths annually, with a majority of these fatalities concentrated in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to perform a thorough evaluation of existing literature concerning tobacco use and cancer prevalence across Indian tribal tribes, with the aim of ascertaining the prevalence, distribution, and factors that contribute to tobacco use, which is necessary for the purpose of developing and modifying control strategies aimed at mitigating tobacco consumption among this marginalized community.

Methods

A systematic review was undertaken to examine the available evidence on the oral health status, tobacco use, and cancer prevalence among tribal groups in India. The review was registered in the PROSPERO database. Sources published from 1980 to 2023 from reputable databases like PubMed, Crossref, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were used in this evaluation.

Results

The findings of this study encompass a comprehensive analysis of 22 distinct tribal population involving 28,572 individuals. The prevalence of tobacco consumption varied between 12% and 42.5%. In the context of gender-specific studies, the prevalence of tobacco use among females varied between 1.2% and 12%, whereas among males it ranged from 15% to 52%. The prevalence of oral cancer in this marginalized community ranged from 5% to 12%, as assessed. In contrast, the consumption of smokeless tobacco was prevalent throughout the indigenous community. The primary risk factors for tobacco use were identified as a dearth of information regarding oral health, deeply entrenched dental attitudes, and limited accessibility to health services.

Conclusions

To effectively address the issue of tobacco use, it is imperative to prioritize additional research on improved methodologies, evidence-based policies, and viable options for tobacco cessation. This review recommends implementing campaigns and abstinence as an effective strategy for mitigating the adverse consequences.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

The authors.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.