ESMO Congress 2024 | OncologyPRO

Abstract 948P

Background

Adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may improve recurrence-free survival (RFS). This study aims to compare the effects of different ICIs drugs and treatment duration on RFS and overall survival (OS).

Methods

Between January 1, 2019 and December 1, 2023, the RFS and OS of patients from three centers who received adjuvant ICIs with or without molecular targeted therapy were compared with those who did not receive any antineoplastic therapy after curative resection. Subgroup analysis was further performed according to the type and treatment duration of ICIs. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce the bias caused by the imbalance of baseline variables.

Results

Of the 1171 patients in the final analysis, 932 (79.6%) received no adjuvant therapy, 126 (10.8%) received ICIs alone, and 113 (9.6%) received both adjuvant ICIs and molecular targeted agents. Patients with adjuvant ICIs treatment were with statistically significant RFS (HR 0.735, 95%CI 0.597-0.904) and OS (HR 0.472, 95%CI 0.334-0.668) than those with no adjuvant therapy. Similar results were obtained after PSM. Adjuvant tislelizumab, sintilimab, camrelizumab, and toripalimab were associated with similar RFS or OS. Moreover, patients who received less than six months duration of ICIs treatment had similar RFS or OS with those who received more than six months duration of ICIs treatment.

Conclusions

Adjuvant ICIs with or without TKIs can improve the prognosis of patients with HCC at high risk of recurrence after curative resection. There was no significant difference in efficacy among drugs. A duration of six months of adjuvant treatment may be sufficient.