Abstract 3186
Background
A bran-new landscape of immuno-oncology (IO) is arising in China rapidly, with IO development a hotspot in biopharmaceutical industries. Moreover, a paucity of data on the panorama of IO clinical trials in China inspired us to present the systemic analysis for stakeholders in this field.
Methods
Based on the Platform for Registry and Publicity of Drug Clinical Trials, a national authoritative database by China Food and Drug Administration, the trials for IO agents issued from 2013 to 2018 were explored using newly developed agents (by six types of mechanism and targets) and the number of initiated trials as key indicators. The clinical development stages of all agents were presented by targets. In addition, time trends in annually initiated trials and cumulative indication distribution were investigated.
Results
There were 62 IO agents and 230 initiated trials in China from 2013 to 2018, with 46 (74.2%) agents and 154 (67.0%) trials from domestic firms. The 62 agents modulated 18 targets focusing on PD-1 (17, 27.4%), PD-L1 (12, 19.4%) and unspecified tumor-associated antigens (5, 8.1%). Only 8 agents of cell therapy were ever developed for registration purpose. PD-1/L1 targets were most extensively investigated with a total of 180 (78.3%) trials and 4 agents approved. The annual number of trials showed an upward trend, and the sharp increase for trials of T-cell targeted immuno-modulators was seen with an average growth rate of 199.1% since 2016. In terms of cancer types, solid tumor (56, 24.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (45, 19.6%) and hepatocellular cancer (20, 8.7%) were the most common. Only 14 (6.1%) trials applied a biomarker enrichment strategy.Table:
1293P The landscape of immuno-oncology targets in clinical development in China since 2013
| Types | Targets | Agents N = 62 (%) | Trials N = 230 (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Phase I | Phase II/III | Approv ed | |||
| T-cell targeted immuno- modulator | PD-1 | 17 (27.4) | 6 | 7 | 4 | 129 (56.1) |
| PD-L1 | 12 (19.4) | 5 | 7 | 51 (22.2) | ||
| CTLA-4 | 3 (4.8) | 1 | 2 | 11 (4.8) | ||
| IDO1/TDO | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
| IDO1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| CD137 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| LAG3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| OX40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-1/CTLA-4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-L1/CTLA-4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-L1/ TGF-βRII | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Other immuno- modulator | Unspecified | 1 | 1 | 5 (2.2) | ||
| CD47 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| MUC1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Cancer vaccine | TLR | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| EGF | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| MUC1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Cell Therapy | Unspecified | 4 (6.5) | 2 | 2 | 4 (1.7) | |
| CD19 | 3 (4.8) | 3 | 3 (1.3) | |||
| BCMA | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Oncolytic virus | GM-CSFR | 4 (6.5) | 1 | 3 | 9 (3.9) | |
| CD3-targeted bispecific mAb | CD19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| HER2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Conclusions
Though a gap exists in the number of agents and targets between China and the global pipeline, the rising capability of IO has been achieved in China recently. Efforts should be further made in novel targets, cell therapy for registration purpose, Chinese unique cancers and new trial designs.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
4543 - Long-term real-world (RW) outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma (MEL) treated with ipilimumab (IPI) and non-IPI therapies: IMAGE study
Presenter: Stéphane Dalle
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4523 - Prognostic Factors for efficacy of Ipilimumab used after AntiPD1 and/or BRAF+MEK inhibitors in Melanoma Patients: an Italian Melanoma Intergroup study
Presenter: Riccardo Marconcini
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3632 - Rechallenge with combination ipilimumab and anti-PD-1 (IPI+PD1) in metastatic melanoma after acquired resistance to IPI+PD1 immunotherapy
Presenter: Adriana Hepner
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3732 - Clinicopathologic characteristics of immune colitis in melanoma patients treated with combination ipilimumab and anti-PD1 (IPI+PD1) and PD1 monotherapy.
Presenter: Kazi Nahar
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5005 - Real-world outcomes of ipilimumab plus nivolumab for advanced melanoma in the Netherlands
Presenter: Michiel van Zeijl
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5524 - Utilization of Real-World Data to Assess the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) in Elderly Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Presenter: D Scott Ernst
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5884 - Tumor mutational burden and response to PD-1 inhibitors: an analysis of 89 cases of metastatic melanoma.
Presenter: Léa Dousset
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3120 - Increase in S100B and LDH as early outcome predictors for non-responsiveness to anti-PD-1 monotherapy in advanced melanoma.
Presenter: Elisa Rozeman
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2157 - Immune status defined by molecular information layers predicts response to pembrolizumab treatment in advanced melanoma
Presenter: Guillermo Prado-Vázquez
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2553 - Interim analysis of a phase Ib study of cobimetinib plus atezolizumab in patients with advanced BRAFV600 wild type melanoma progressing on prior anti-PD-L1 therapy
Presenter: Shahneen Sandhu
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract