Abstract 3186
Background
A bran-new landscape of immuno-oncology (IO) is arising in China rapidly, with IO development a hotspot in biopharmaceutical industries. Moreover, a paucity of data on the panorama of IO clinical trials in China inspired us to present the systemic analysis for stakeholders in this field.
Methods
Based on the Platform for Registry and Publicity of Drug Clinical Trials, a national authoritative database by China Food and Drug Administration, the trials for IO agents issued from 2013 to 2018 were explored using newly developed agents (by six types of mechanism and targets) and the number of initiated trials as key indicators. The clinical development stages of all agents were presented by targets. In addition, time trends in annually initiated trials and cumulative indication distribution were investigated.
Results
There were 62 IO agents and 230 initiated trials in China from 2013 to 2018, with 46 (74.2%) agents and 154 (67.0%) trials from domestic firms. The 62 agents modulated 18 targets focusing on PD-1 (17, 27.4%), PD-L1 (12, 19.4%) and unspecified tumor-associated antigens (5, 8.1%). Only 8 agents of cell therapy were ever developed for registration purpose. PD-1/L1 targets were most extensively investigated with a total of 180 (78.3%) trials and 4 agents approved. The annual number of trials showed an upward trend, and the sharp increase for trials of T-cell targeted immuno-modulators was seen with an average growth rate of 199.1% since 2016. In terms of cancer types, solid tumor (56, 24.3%), non-small cell lung cancer (45, 19.6%) and hepatocellular cancer (20, 8.7%) were the most common. Only 14 (6.1%) trials applied a biomarker enrichment strategy.Table:
1293P The landscape of immuno-oncology targets in clinical development in China since 2013
| Types | Targets | Agents N = 62 (%) | Trials N = 230 (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Phase I | Phase II/III | Approv ed | |||
| T-cell targeted immuno- modulator | PD-1 | 17 (27.4) | 6 | 7 | 4 | 129 (56.1) |
| PD-L1 | 12 (19.4) | 5 | 7 | 51 (22.2) | ||
| CTLA-4 | 3 (4.8) | 1 | 2 | 11 (4.8) | ||
| IDO1/TDO | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||
| IDO1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| CD137 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| LAG3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| OX40 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-1/CTLA-4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-L1/CTLA-4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| PD-L1/ TGF-βRII | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Other immuno- modulator | Unspecified | 1 | 1 | 5 (2.2) | ||
| CD47 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| MUC1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Cancer vaccine | TLR | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| EGF | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| MUC1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Cell Therapy | Unspecified | 4 (6.5) | 2 | 2 | 4 (1.7) | |
| CD19 | 3 (4.8) | 3 | 3 (1.3) | |||
| BCMA | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Oncolytic virus | GM-CSFR | 4 (6.5) | 1 | 3 | 9 (3.9) | |
| CD3-targeted bispecific mAb | CD19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| HER2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Conclusions
Though a gap exists in the number of agents and targets between China and the global pipeline, the rising capability of IO has been achieved in China recently. Efforts should be further made in novel targets, cell therapy for registration purpose, Chinese unique cancers and new trial designs.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
3630 - Results of phase 1 clinical trial of high doses of Seleno-L-methionine (SLM) in sequential combination with Axitinib in previously treated and relapsed clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) patients
Presenter: Yousef Zakharia
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2356 - Safety and Efficacy of CDX-014 , an Antibody-Drug Conjugate against T Cell immunoglobulin mucin-1 (TIM-1), in advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Presenter: Bradley McGregor
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1028 - SPAZO2 (SOGUG): Outcomes and prognostic significance of IMDC intermediate prognosis subclassification in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in patients treated with 1st-line pazopanib (1stPz).
Presenter: Begona P. Valderrama
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2293 - Effect of Antacid Intake on the Therapeutic Efficacy of Sunitinib (SUN) in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC) Patients (pts): a Sub-Analysis of the STAR-TOR Registry
Presenter: Katrin Schlack
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1451 - Randomized phase 3 trial of avelumab + axitinib vs sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: JAVELIN Renal 101 Japanese subgroup analysis
Presenter: Motohide Uemura
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4399 - Overall and progression-free survival according to MSKCC scores in 1st line sunitinib treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)
Presenter: Jindrich Finek
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1344 - Combination therapy with checkpoint inhibitors for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Presenter: Kyaw Thein
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3462 - A phase II trial of TKI induction followed by a randomized comparison between nivolumab or TKI continuation in renal cell carcinoma (NIVOSWITCH)
Presenter: Viktor Grünwald
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5268 - Nivolumab (N) treatment beyond progression in a real-world cohort of patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)
Presenter: Sophie Hans
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
4235 - First results of safety profile of nivolumab (NIVO) in combination with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in II and III line of patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in NIVES Study
Presenter: Cristina Masini
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract