Abstract 3175
Background
The risk of brain metastases (BM) in advanced melanoma (MM) is 40-50%. Historical median survival of MM patients (pts) with BMs was 4-5 months. Current systemic treatments with targeted therapy and immunotherapy prolong survival up to > 2 years, while prognosis of BMs carrying pts is not fully defined and optimal treatment sequencing remain unknown. We aimed to analyze the contemporary treatment outcomes in this specific group of pts.
Methods
Clinical data, course of treatment and clinical outcomes of 376 subsequent stage IV melanoma patients with BMs treated in one reference institution in period 2000-2018 were analyzed retrospectively (39% of BMs pts diagnosed before 2014).
Results
Median age for BMS diagnosis was 61, 171 pts were BRAF+ and 118 - wild-type. Median time to BMs from melanoma diagnosis was 2.3 years (8% had BMs at diagnosis). In 1st line BRAF(-) pts were treated with anti-PD-1 in 36%, chemotherapy - 46%, while BRAF(+) pts – with BRAFi/MEKi - 68% and anti-PD-1 - 5%. For the whole group median overall survival (mOS) of BRAF(+) was 7 months, while mOS BRAF(-) - 4 m. mOS for patients treated initially with BRAFi/MEKi was 9 m, while for anti-PD1 - 15 m (but it may be related to less advanced cases preferred for immunotherapy). BMs treatment modality chosen primarily was neurosurgery in 78 (21%) pts, radiotherapy - 270 (72%) with increasing use of stereotactic radiosurgery in recent years, only systemic treatment was offered to 25 (7%) pts. OS was highly affected by the number of BMs, LDH and albumin level and GPA (Graded Prognostic Assessment) scale (all p < 0.0001). mOS for pts with 1 BM was 10 months, for 2-3 – 7.4 m and for 4+ - 3.6 months. mOS was the longest for pts treated with local therapy (SRS/neurosurgery) combined with immunotherapy. We found significant improvement in OS for BM pts treated after 2013 (p < 0.0001) especially with GPA score 3 or 4 (p < 0.05) - 24-month OS rate 9% vs 28% for pts diagnosed since 2014.
Conclusions
The outcomes of patients with BMs is highly improved when local therapy (neurosurgery +/- SRS) is combined with modern systemic therapy. The introduction of new therapies significantly improved survival of melanoma pts with BMs.
Clinical trial identification
Editorial acknowledgement
Legal entity responsible for the study
Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland.
Funding
Has not received any funding.
Disclosure
I. Lugowska: Honoraria (self), Research grant / Funding (institution): Roche; Honoraria (self): BMS. H. Kosela-Paterczyk: Honoraria (self): Novartis; Honoraria (self): BMS.A.M. Czarnecka: Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: BMS; Honoraria (self), Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Travel / Accommodation / Expenses: Novartis. P. Rutkowski: Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): BMS; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: MSD; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony, Research grant / Funding (institution): Novartis; Honoraria (self): Roche; Honoraria (self): Amgen; Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Eli Lilly; Advisory / Consultancy: Blueprint Medicines; Honoraria (self), Advisory / Consultancy, Speaker Bureau / Expert testimony: Pierre Fabre. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Resources from the same session
3367 - Treatment-Free Survival, With and Without Toxicity, as a Novel Outcome Applied to Immuno-Oncology Agents in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Presenter: Meredith Regan
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5105 - Fresh blood Immune cell monitoring in patients treated with nivolumab in the GETUG-AFU26 NIVOREN study: association with toxicity and treatment outcome
Presenter: Aude DESNOYER
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
1877 - Advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (accRCC): association of microRNAs (miRNAs) with molecular subtypes, mRNA targets and outcome.
Presenter: Annelies Verbiest
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5543 - Prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and antibiotics (ATB) use are associated with distinct gut microbiota ‘guilds’ in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients
Presenter: Valerio Iebba
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2689 - mTOR mutations are not associated with shorter PFS and OS in patients treated with mTOR inhibitors
Presenter: Cristina Suarez Rodriguez
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
3069 - Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and genomic alterations by body mass index (BMI) in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
Presenter: Aly-Khan Lalani
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
5089 - Finding the Right Biomarker for Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): Nivolumab treatment induces the expression of specific peripheral lymphocyte microRNAs in patients with durable and complete response.
Presenter: Lorena Incorvaia
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2594 - Algorithms derived from quantitative pathology can be a gatekeeper in patient selection for clinical trials in localised clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)
Presenter: In Hwa Um
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2566 - High baseline blood volume is an independent favorable prognostic factor for overall and progression-free survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Presenter: Aska Drljevic-nielsen
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract
2675 - Impact of estimand selection on adjuvant treatment outcomes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
Presenter: Daniel George
Session: Poster Display session 3
Resources:
Abstract