106P - The risk of malignization incidence in patients with polyps and polyposis of the colon and rectum

Background

Polyps are considered as obligate precancerous disease. Different authors consider that percent of malignization ranges from 20% in single polyps to 95% in diffuse polyposis. Current research examines the results of the early diagnosis of colon cancer by using the biomarker CDKN2A for development of molecular-biological methods of prognostication.

Methods

Investigations were carried out in 30 patients during the period 2017-2019, the study included patients with single polyps, multiple polyps, polyposis of the colon, as well as patients without a history of neither familial nor sporadic cancer. 21 patients had polyposis, in 9 single colon polyps. The men were 19 women 11. The average age of patients was 52,4 ± 3,8 years. The levels of methylation of the gene CDKN2A were determined 18 patients. The material for the isolation of DNA was a serum obtained from venous blood and and biopsy material in amount of 50 mg. DNA extraction was held according to standards. After the conversion of DNA methyl-specific PCR was held.

Results

Among 30 patients with polyps and polyposis of the colon serum gene CDKN2A methylated DNA was detected in 18 patients. In 4 patients malignization of the polyp was determined. The volume of surgical intervention in patients with malignization was the same as cancer. It patients without malignization surgical intervention was limited with resection of the intestine without lymph dessection. In 8 patients the test result was negative. We did not perform surgical intervention to these patients they were sent to dynamic observation. Thus, the diagnostic efficacy in detection colorectal cancer in early diagnosis of by means of methylated DNA of the gene CDKN2A was - 60.1%.

Conclusions

If there is a positive test for methylation of the CDKN2A-gene, the risk of colorectal cancer is considered very high and these patients underwent surgical treatment. Application of molecular biological marker CDKN2A may be an effective method in early diagnosis of malignization of polyps. This method of diagnosis requires a more in-depth study, based on a study of a larger number of observations. Further investigations of the CDKN2a gene in ulcerative colitis, Krohn's disease, Lynch syndrome, Jeghers syndrome might be continued.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

NCC of Uzbekistan.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.