432P - Chemotherapy induced extravasation: Incidence and possible predictors

Background

Although extravasation (EV) is an established complication of parenteral chemotherapy, it often goes under-documented and underestimated. The incidence and severity of extravasation can be influenced by patient, drug or procedure related factors. An understanding of the risk factors and predictors promotes precaution during chemotherapy.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted for one year in patients satisfying study criteria. Patient information such as demographics, history, disease, treatment regimen and EV related information was documented. Severity of EV was established using CTCAE 4.3. The captured data was subjected to appropriate statistical analysis using SPSS ver. 20.

Results

Amongst the 217 patients reviewed 46(21.20%) experienced EV [Grade 2(67.39%) and Grade 3(32.61%)]. Cluster statistics revealed age, gender and ambulation to be the most important predictors. Ambulation caused an 8 fold increase in the risk of EV (p < 0.001, [2.01-14.2]). Females were observed to be 2.5 times susceptible to EV (p = 0.001, [2.5-5.9]) than males. Progressive age i.e. beyond 60 years the risk of EV increases 2.02 times (p = 0.005, [1.3-3.8]). Additionally, age (p = 0.007, OR: 2.24 [1.22-6.71]), sex (p = 0.010, OR: 2.71 [1.38-7.64]), ambulation (p = 0.001, OR: 4.67 [2.09-4.90], co-morbidities (p = 0.029, OR: 3 [2.17-5.67] and the use of irritants (p = 0.007, OR: 2.25 [1.27-3.76] increased the risk of the patient getting severe EV injury.

Conclusions

Patient, drug and procedure related risk factors influence the incidence of chemotherapy induced EV injury. In the studied population, age, gender, ambulation and co-morbidities were established as predictors of extravasation. Multi-disciplinary approach and patient counselling can contribute to minimizing the discomfort and complication of EV.

Clinical trial identification

Editorial acknowledgement

Legal entity responsible for the study

All Authors.

Funding

Has not received any funding.

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.