Renal cell cancer: clinicopathological profile and survival outcomes from a Tertiary Care Centre in India

Aim/Background

Incidence of renal cell cancer (RCC) is increasing world over. However, data regarding clinicopathological profile is sparse from Indian subcontinent. This study was done to reflect more light on patient profile as well as survival outcomes of RCC from this country.

Methods

Four hundred and twenty three patients were retrospectively analysed from duration of 2004-2013. Data was entered in a predesigned format followed by statistical analysis using SPSS version 20.

Results

Median duration of symptoms was 3 months (0-24). Median age was 52 years (8-87) and male: female ratio was 4:1. Thirty five patients (8.3%) were detected in asymptomatic state. Most common symptom was hematuria followed by flank pain. Triad of hematuria, lump and flank pain was present in in 84 patients (20.2%). Overall 293 (69.3 %) patients presented with non-metastatic disease whereas 130 (30.7%) had upfront metastatic disease. Most common histology was clear cell was present in 302 (71.4%). Five year survival in stage 1 was 92.7%, Stage 2- 72.9%, Stage 3-54.6% and Stage 4- 11.5%. On multivariate analysis, factors found to be predictor of poor survival in metastatic setting were performance status ≥2 (HR: 2.32, 95%CI 1.04- 4.61, p =0.03), upfront metastatic disease (HR: 1.63, 95%CI 1.02-2.57, p = 0.037), ≥2organ site of involvement (HR: 2.7, 95%CI:1.87-3.88, p = 0.01), neutrophilia (HR: 1.66, 95%CI1.12-2.43 p = 0.010), lack of any systemic treatment (HR: 1.94, 95%CI1.37-2.75, p = 0.004).

Conclusions

India still has to see stage migration for RCC as seen in many other countries. Higher male-female ratio, young age, advanced stage of disease and fewer asymptomatic presentation are characteristic of Indian patients of RCC.

Clinical trial identification

not applicable

Disclosure

All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.