Abstract 3776
Background
Abnormal body composition (sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and significant weight loss of ≥ 8% (SWL)) has been associated with poor outcomes. This study evaluated sarcopenia, low skeletal muscle attenuation (SMA), and SWL as factors associated with toxicity, recurrence free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) with neoadjuvant CRT, in patients with resectable esophageal/GEJ cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all pts with resectable esophageal/GEJ cancer treated with curative intent preoperative CRT (paclitaxel/carboplatin) from 2010-2013. Pretreatment CT scans were used to measure skeletal muscle index (SMI) and SMA to determine sarcopenia and myosteatosis, respectively. SWL was determined from the first dietitian recorded body weight and pre-morbid body weight. Treatment delays/modifications (TDM) were used as surrogates for toxicity.
Results
Of 88 evaluable patients, 76 (86%) were males with a median age of 62. Histology includes: 72 (82%) adenocarcinoma; 13 (15%) squamous cell carcinoma, 3 (3%) other. Sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and SWL were present in 35 (40%), 46 (52%) and 40 (45%) patients, respectively. By univariate analysis, sarcopenia and SWL were associated with shorter OS and RFS (Sarcopenia p = 0.009 and p = 0.042, respectively, SWL p = 0.012 and p = 0.061, respectively). Myosteatosis was associated with TDM (p = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, sarcopenia and SWL were associated with shorter OS and RFS, independent of stage and performance status (PS).Table:
629P Body composition analysis, toxicities, and OS
| SMI | SMA | Weight Loss | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Patients | Sarcopenia n = 35 (40%) | No Sarcopenia n = 53 (60%) | Myosteatosis n = 46 (52%) | No Myosteatosis n = 42 (48%) | SWL n = 40 (45%) | Non-SWL n = 48 (55%) | |
| Mean SMI (cm2/m2) | 51.2 | 44.1 | 55.9 | 49.3 | 53.4 | 47.9 | 54.0 |
| Mean MA (HU) | 34.2 | 33.6 | 34.6 | 27.9 | 41.0 | 33.1 | 35.0 |
| Mean Weight Loss (%) | 9.0 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 10.5 | 7.4 | 16.2 | 3.1 |
| Treatment delays/modifications | |||||||
| YES | 36 (40.9%) | 13 (37.1%) | 23 (43.4%) | 26 (56.5%) | 10 (23.8%) | 21 (52.5%) | 15 (31.3%) |
| NO | 52 (59.1%) | 22 (62.9%) | 30 (56.6%) | 20 (43.5%) | 32 (76.2%) | 19 (47.5%) | 33 (68.8%) |
| Median OS (months) | 23.4 | 19.8 | 28.3 | 20.3 | 28.3 | 16.7 | 49.4 |
Conclusions
Sarcopenia and SWL are associated with shorter OS and RFS independent of stage and PS. Myosteatosis is associated with treatment-related toxicities. These results highlight the prognostic and predictive utility of body composition analysis in survival and treatment related toxicities in esophageal/GEJ cancer patients treated with curative intent preoperative CRT.
Clinical trial identification
Legal entity responsible for the study
Arthur Lui
Funding
None
Disclosure
J. Spratlin: Honoraria: Lilly and Celgene Canada. Advisory role: Lilly and Celgene. Research funding: Celgene. K. Mulder: Consulting and advisory role: Novartis and Leo Pharma. Research funding: Amgen, Roche, Bayer and Sanofi Canada. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.