Abstract 2180
Background
Cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains a standard treatment for patients (pts) with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). However, use of cisplatin may cause oto- and nephrotoxicity which may compromise both treatment delivery and longterm quality of life. We hypothesized that polymorphisms (SNPs) in cisplatin methyltransferases (TPMT, COMT), acylphosphatases (ACYP2) and transporters (CTR1, OCT2, MATE1, ABCC2, ABCC3) could predict oto- and nephrotoxicity and investigated this in a prospective cohort study.
Methods
Consenting HNSCC pts with adequate baseline hearing and renal function treated with CRT were prospectively enrolled. Audiometric testing was done at baseline, and 3, 6, 12 & 18 months. Serum creatinine was assessed baseline & weekly during CRT. Ototoxicity was defined as ≥grade 2 audiometric change from baseline (CTCAE v4.02) present 12 months post-treatment. Nephrotoxicity was defined as ≥grade 2 acute kidney injury after initiation of cisplatin. Relationships between clinical variables, genotype and outcomes were assessed using Cox regression with interval censoring and reported as a hazard ratio (HR).
Results
207 consecutive HNSCC pts have been enrolled. To date ≥grade 2 ototoxicity has developed in 64% and ≥grade 2 nephrotoxicity observed in 22% of 170 evaluable pts. In multivariate analyses TPMT and COMT SNP carriers were at increased risk of developing ototoxicity (HR 4.47 [95%CI 1.66-12.03, p
Conclusions
Oto- and nephrotoxicity occur frequently in HNSCC pts treated with CRT. SNPs in both cisplatin metabolizing enzymes and transporters appear to predict vulnerability to these. We plan to assess the clinical utility of these SNPs for toxicity avoidance in a prospective clinical trial.
Clinical trial identification
Not applicable.
Legal entity responsible for the study
University of Western Ontario
Funding
Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, Cancer Care Ontario, London Regional Cancer Program, LRCP Medical Oncology Research Fund
Disclosure
All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.