Resources and Links

Previous Page Next Page

Literature on the adverse skin reaction associated with multikinase inhibitor treatment

This section includes the currently available and published information from a literature search (conducted 15 May 2014 and 17 March 2019).

Clinical signs

• Belum VR, Fontanilla Patel H, Lacouture ME, Rodeck U. Skin toxicity of targeted cancer agents: mechanisms and intervention. Future Oncol. 2013;9:1161-70.
• McLellan B, Ciardiello F, Lacouture ME, Segaert S, Van Cutsem E. Regorafenib-associated hand-foot skin reaction: practical advice on diagnosis, prevention, and management. Ann Oncol. 2015 Oct;26(10):2017-26.
• National Cancer Institute Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and Common Toxicity Criteria [v5.0]. 27 November 2017. (Accessed 15 April 2019).
• Robert C, Mateus C, Spatz A, Wechsler J, Escudier B. Dermatologic symptoms associated with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60:299-305.
• Robert C, Soria JC, Spatz A, Le Cesne A, Malka D, Pautier P, Wechsler J, Lhomme C, Escudier B, Boige V, Armand JP, Le Chevalier T. Cutaneous side-effects of kinase inhibitors and blocking antibodies. Lancet Oncol. 2005; 6(7): 491-500. PM:15992698.
• Segaert S, Chiritescu G, Lemmens L, Dumon K, Van Cutsem E, Tejpar S. Skin toxicities of targeted therapies. Eur J Cancer. 2009; 45 (Suppl 1)295-308. PM:19775626.
• Widakowich C, De C, Jr., De AE, Dinh P, Awada A. Review: Side effects of approved molecular targeted therapies in solid cancers. Oncologist. 2007;12:1443-55.

Pathophysiology

• Lacouture ME, Shenhonh W, Robert C, Atkins MB, Kong HH, Guitart J, Garbe C, Hauschild A, Puzanov I, Alexandrescu DT, Anderson RT, Wood L, Dutcher JP. Evolving Strategies for the Management of hand–foot skin reaction associated with the multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. The Oncologist. 2008;13:1001–1011.
• Lacouture ME, Maitland ML, Segaert S, Setser A, Baran R, Fox LP, Epstein JB, Barasch A, Einhorn L, Wagner L, West DP, Rapoport BL, Kris MG, Basch E, Eaby B, Kurtin S, Olsen EA, Chen A, Dancey JE, Trotti A. A proposed EGFR inhibitor dermatologic adverse event-specific grading scale from the MASCC skin toxicity study group. Support Care Cancer. 2010 Apr;18(4):509-22.
• National Cancer Institute Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events and Common Toxicity Criteria [v5.0]. 27 November 2017.
• Robert C, Soria JC, Spatz A, Le Cesne A, Malka D, Pautier P, Wechsler J, Lhomme C, Escudier B, Boige V, Armand JP, Le Chevalier T. Cutaneous side-effects of kinase inhibitors and blocking antibodies. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6: 491-500. Grading, terminology and scoring
• Wollenberg A, Moosmann N, Klein E, Katzer K. A tool for scoring of acneiform skin eruptions induced by EGF Receptor inhibition. Exp Dermatol. 2008; 17(9): 790-792. PM:18503553.

Management of multikinase inhibitor-associated toxicities

• Beech J, Germetaki T, Judge M, Paton N, Collins J, Garbutt A, Braun M, Fenwick J, Saunders MP. Management and grading of EGFR inhibitor-induced cutaneous toxicity. Future Oncol. 2018 Oct;14(24):2531-41.
• Boers-Doets C. Edited by Epstein JB. The TARGET System. Approach to assessment, grading, and management of dermatological & mucosal side effects of targeted anticancer therapies. IMPAQTT; 1st edition (2014). ISBN 978-94-92070-00-5
• Brose MS, Bible KC, Chow LQM, Gilbert J, Grande C, Worden F, Haddad R. Management of treatment-related toxicities in advanced medullary thyroid cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2018 May;66:64-73.
• Grothey A, George S, van Cutsem E, Blay JY, Sobrero A, Demetri GD. Optimizing treatment outcomes with regorafenib: personalized dosing and other strategies to support patient care. Oncologist. 2014 Jun;19(6):669-80.
• Krishnamoorthy SK, Relias V, Sebastian S, Jayaraman V, Saif MW. Management of regorafenib-related toxicities: a review. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2015 Sep;8(5):285-97.
• Lacouture ME, Shenhonh W, Robert C, Atkins MB, Kong HH, Guitart J, Garbe C, Hauschild A, Puzanov I, Alexandrescu DT, Anderson RT, Wood L, Dutcher JP. Evolving Strategies for the Management of hand–foot skin reaction associated with the multitargeted kinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib. The Oncologist. 2008;13:1001–1011.
• McLellan B, Ciardiello F, Lacouture ME, Segaert S, Van Cutsem E. Regorafenib-associated hand-foot skin reaction: practical advice on diagnosis, prevention, and management. Ann Oncol. 2015 Oct;26(10):2017-26.
• Shi VJ, Levy LL, Choi JN. Cutaneous manifestations of nontargeted and targeted chemotherapies. Semin Oncol. 2016 Jun;43(3):419-25.
• Tang N, Ratner D. Managing Cutaneous Side Effects From Targeted Molecular Inhibitors for Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer. Dermatol Surg. 2016 Jan;42 Suppl 1:S40-8.
• Walko CM, Grande C. Management of common adverse events in patients treated with sorafenib: nurse and pharmacist perspective. Semin Oncol. 2014;41:S17-28.
• Wood LS, Lemont H, Jatoi A, Lacouture ME, Robert C, Keating K, Anderson R. Practical considerations in the management of hand-foot skin reaction caused by multikinase inhibitors. Commun Oncol. 2010;7:23–29.

Consensus guidelines

• Califano R, Tariq N, Compton S, Fitzgerald DA, Harwood CA, Lal R, Lester J, McPhelim J, Mulatero C, Subramanian S, Thomas A, Thatcher N, Nicolson M. Expert Consensus on the Management of Adverse Events from EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the UK. Drugs. 2015;75:1335-48.
• MASCC EGFR Inhibitor Skin Toxicity Tool (MESTT). (Accessed 15 April 2019).
• Lynch TJ, Jr., Kim ES, Eaby B, Fitzgerald DA, Harwood CA, Lal R, Lester J, McPhelim J, Mulatero C, Subramanian S, Thomas A, Thatcher N, Nicolson M. Epidermal growth factor Receptor inhibitor-associated cutaneous toxicities: an evolving paradigm in clinical management. Oncologist. 2007; 12: 610-621.