Oops, you're using an old version of your browser so some of the features on this page may not be displaying properly.

MINIMAL Requirements: Google Chrome 24+Mozilla Firefox 20+Internet Explorer 11Opera 15–18Apple Safari 7SeaMonkey 2.15-2.23

ABCP: Atezolizumab/bevacizumab/carboplatin/paclitaxel

AC: Atypical carcinoid

ACP: Atezolizumab/carboplatin/paclitaxel

ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone

ADC: Adenocarcinoma

AE: Adverse event

AIS: Adenocarcinoma in situ

AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer

ALK: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase

ALL: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

APC: Antigen-presenting cell

ASCO: American Society of Clinical Oncology

ATP: Adenosine triphosphate

BCP: Bevacizumab/carboplatin/paclitaxel

BID: Twice daily

BSC: Best supportive care

CAR: Chimeric antigen receptor

ChT: Chemotherapy

CI: Confidence interval

CIS: Carcinoma in situ

CISH: Chromogenic in situ hybridisation

CNS: Central nervous system

COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CRP: C-reactive protein

CRS: Cytokine release syndrome

CRT: Chemoradiotherapy

CT: Computed tomography

ctDNA: Circulating tumour DNA

CTLA-4: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4

DC: Dendritic cell

DCR: Disease control rate

DFS: Disease-free survival

DoR: Duration of response

EBUS: Endobronchial ultrsound

ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group

EGF: Epidermal growth factor

EGFR: Epidermal growth factor receptor

EMT: Epithelial mesenchymal transition

EORTC: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer

EPP: Extrapleural pneumonectomy

ERCC1: Excision repair cross-complementation group 1

ES: Extensive stage

ETOP: European Thoracic Oncology Platform

EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound

EvG: Elastica van Gieson

FDA: Food & Drug Administration

FDG: Fluorodeoxyglucose

FGFR: Fibroblast growth factor receptor

FISH: Fluorescent in situ hybridisation

FNA: Fine needle aspiration

GGO: Ground glass opacity

GSP: General secretory pathway

HE: Haematoxylin–eosin

HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2

HIAA: Hydroxyindoleacetic acid

HR: Hazard ratio

IALT: International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial

IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer

IASLC: International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer

ICI: Immune checkpoint inhibitor

IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

IFN: Interferon

Ig: Immunoglobulin

IHC: Immunohistochemistry

IL: Interleukin

IMRT: Intensity modulated radiotherapy

IPD: Individual patient data

ISH: In situ hybridisation

ITT: Intention to treat

LACE: Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin Evaluation

LAG-3: Lymphocyte-activation gene 3

LAR: Long-acting release

LCNEC: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

LDCT: Low-dose computed tomography

LINAC: Linear accelerator

LN: Lymph node

mAb: Monoclonal antibody

MEN-1: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

MHC: Major histocompatibility complex

MKI: Multikinase inhibitor

MPE: Malignant pleural effusion

MPM: Malignant pleural mesothelioma

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging

mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin

nAChR: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

NET: Neuroendocrine tumour

NGS: Next generation sequencing

NK: Natural killer

NLST: National Lung Screening Trial

NRT: Nicotine replacement therapy

NSCLC: Non-small cell lung cancer

NSE: Neuron-specific enolase

NSQ: Nonsquamous

NTRK: Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase

ORR: Objective response rate / Overall response rate

OS: Overall survival

P/D: Pleurectomy/decortication

PAH: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

PAS: Periodic acid-Schiff

PCI: Prophylactic cranial irradiation

PCR: Polymerase chain reaction

PD-1/2: Programmed cell death protein 1/2

PDGFR: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor

PD-L1/2: Programmed death-ligand 1/2

PET: Positron emission tomography

PFS: Progression-free survival

PORT: Postoperative radiotherapy

PS: Performance status

QD: Once a day

qPCR: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction

RATS: Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery

RCT: Randomised clinical trial

RECIST: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours

RR: Response rate

RT: Radiotherapy

SABR: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy

SBM: Solitary brain metastasis

SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma

SCLC: Small cell lung cancer

SPN: Solitary pulmonary nodule

SQ: Squamous

SR: Sleeve resection

SST: Superior sulcus tumours

TBNA: Transbronchial needle aspiration

TC: Typical carcinoid

TCR: T cell receptor

T-DM1: Ado-trastuzumab emtansine

Teff: Effector T cell

TIM-3: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3

TKI: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor

TMB: Tumour mutation burden

TMD: Transmembrane domain

TNM: Tumour, Node, Metastasis

TPC: Tunnelled pleural catheter

TRK: Tropomyosin receptor kinase

TTF1: Thyroid transcription factor 1

TTP: Time to progression

UFT: Tegafur-uracil

UICC: Union for International Cancer Control

VATS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

VDT: Volume doubling time

VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

WBRT: Whole brain radiotherapy

WHO: World Health Organization

Preface Chapter 1 – Epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors

This site uses cookies. Some of these cookies are essential, while others help us improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used.

For more detailed information on the cookies we use, please check our Privacy Policy.

Customise settings
  • Necessary cookies enable core functionality. The website cannot function properly without these cookies, and you can only disable them by changing your browser preferences.